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1.
Odontol. vital ; (34)jun. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386448

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introdución: El carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraóseo es una neoplasia maligna muy rara de las glándulas salivales, posee la capacidad de desarrollarse en cualquier parte de la boca, siendo la zona de molares- premolares y ángulo mandibular los sitios más frecuentes de su hallazgo. Objetivo: Reportar el caso de un carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraóseo de bajo grado en mandíbula, de una paciente adulta mayor que fue diagnosticada en un Servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial después de ser referida por un odontólogo particular general. Métodos: Se le realizo un examen clínico e indico la toma de radiografía panorámica, tomografía y biopsia incisional. Resultados: La biopsia dio como resultado carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraóseo y posteriormente fue transferida al Servicio de Oncología. Conclusión: El carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraóseo es una patología infrecuente, de pronóstico favorable cuando es detectado a tiempo y posee características similares a otras patologías no tan agresivas.


Abstract Introduction: Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a very rare malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands, it has the ability to develop in any part of the mouth, being the molar-premolar area and mandibular angle the most frequent sites of its finding. Objective: To report the case of a low grade intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the jaw, in an older adult patient who was diagnosed in an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service after being referred by a general private dentist. Methods: A clinical examination was carried out and indicated the taking of panoramic radiography, tomography and incisional biopsy. Results: The biopsy resulted in intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma and was later transferred to the Oncology Service. Conclusion: Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma is an infrequent pathology, with a favorable prognosis when it is detected early and has similar characteristics to other not so aggressive pathologies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid/diagnostic imaging , Mandible/abnormalities , Peru
2.
Autops. Case Rep ; 11: e2021298, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285412

ABSTRACT

Plasmacytoma is a neoplastic proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells, which can present clinically as solitary bone neoplasm, extramedullary plasmacytoma, and multiple myeloma. The biological behavior of these tumors is variable from periods of clinical latency to rapid growth and progression from localized forms to more disseminated multiple myeloma. We present the case of solitary plasmacytoma of the mandible with rare bilateral involvement in a 65-year-old female patient. This paper highlights the importance of understanding the maxillofacial manifestations of the disease by the dentist for early diagnosis and thus better prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Plasmacytoma/pathology , Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Mandible/abnormalities , Plasma Cells/pathology , Early Diagnosis , Multiple Myeloma
3.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2021. 91 p. ilus, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1413767

ABSTRACT

A ozonioterapia vem se demonstrando uma ferramenta promissora na prevenção de infecções e no auxílio da reparação tecidual, conciliando com os desafios no tratamento da osteonecrose dos maxilares induzida por medicamentos (ONM-M), este projeto objetiva analisar os efeitos da ozonioterapia, em 55 ratas senis (18 meses), entre 300-350g, induzidas a osteonecrose via medicamentosa (Zoledronato 100µg/kg), após exodontia do primeiro molar inferior. Os animais foram divididos em 4 grupos equitativos (10 ratas por grupo), o primeiro grupo SAL, recebeu aplicações de soro fisiológico por 7 semanas, grupo SAL + OZ recebeu aplicações de soro fisiológico por 7 semanas e o tratamento com a ozonioterapia (0,7mg/kg) a cada 2 dias por 28 dias, o grupo ZOL recebeu aplicações de zoledronato (100µg/kg) por 7 semanas e por último o grupo ZOL + OZ recebeu também aplicações de zoledronato no mesmo protocolo e foi tratado com a ozonioterapia (0,7mg/kg) a cada 2 dias por 28 dias. Todos as ratas receberam a antibioticoterapia (Cristacilina® 0,1ml/kg por dia) iniciando 3 dias antes do procedimento de extração, se estendendo até 4 dias de pós-operatório, passaram pela extração do molar na terceira semana de experimento e foram submetidas a eutanásia na sétima semana de experimento. Após a eutanásia as mandíbulas foram ressecadas, reduzidas e preparadas para as análises microtomográficas (caracterização óssea do osso senil (MCT0) e após terapia com zoledronato (MCT1ZOL) contra seu par controle (MCT1SAL), parâmetros volumétricos (Bv,Bv.Tv,Tb.Th,Tb.N,Tb.Sp,Po.Tot) dos grupos experimentais), histométricas (porcentagem de osso neoformado e porcentagem de osso não vital) e imunoistoquímicas (expressão de TNFa, IL-1b, VEGF, OCN e TRAP). Os resultados da caracterização óssea não apresentaram diferença quando comparado os grupos experimentais (p> 0,05), possivelmente devido ao pouco tempo decorrido na terapia com zoledronato. Os demais resultados comparando os grupos experimentais mostrou com diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p< 0,05) uma característica de osso vítreo, denso, sem vitalidade, pobre em vascularização, com elevados valores para marcadores de inflamação, traduzindo isso em osteonecrose dos maxilares relacionada com a medicação, destoando principalmente do grupo controle SAL, que apresentou melhora na reparação alveolar e características de osso vital e vascularizado. A ozonioterapia (ZOL+OZ, SAL+OZ) apresentou valores significantes estatisticamente quando comparado ao grupo sem tratamento, traduzindo em melhora na vascularização do tecido ósseo, em melhora reparacional do alvéolo, modulação da inflamação local e o aparecimento/manutenção de células osteoblásticas ativas (p< 0,05). Mostrando-se uma terapia viável no controle/tratamento da osteonecrose dos maxilares relacionado com medicamentos(AU)


Ozone therapy has been shown to be a promising tool in the prevention of infections and in the aid of tissue repair, reconciling with the challenges in the treatment of medication-induced jaw osteonecrosis (ONM-M), this project aims to analyze the effects of ozone therapy in 55 rats senile (18 months), between 300-350g, induced to osteonecrosis via medication (Zoledronate 100µg / kg), after extraction of the lower first molar. The animals were divided into 4 equitable groups (ten rats per group), the first SAL group, received saline applications for 7 weeks, SAL + OZ group received saline applications for 7 weeks and ozone therapy (0, 7mg / kg) every 2 days for 28 days, the ZOL group received applications of zoledronate (100µg / kg) for 7 weeks and lastly the ZOL + OZ group also received applications of zoledronate in the same protocol and was treated with ozone therapy (0.7mg / kg) every 2 days for 28 days. All rats received antibiotic therapy (Cristacilina® 0.1ml / kg per day) starting 3 days before the extraction procedure, extending up to 4 days after the operation, underwent molar extraction in the third week of the experiment and were submitted to euthanasia in the seventh week of experiment. After euthanasia, the mandibles were resected, reduced and prepared for microtomographic analysis (bone characterization of senile bone (MCT0) and after therapy with zoledronate (MCT1ZOL) against its control pair (MCT1SAL), volumetric parameters (Bv, Bv.Tv, Tb .Th, Tb.N, Tb.Sp, Po.Tot) of the experimental groups), histometric (percentage of newly formed bone and percentage of non-vital bone) and immunohistochemistry (expression of TNFa, IL-1b, VEGF, OCN and TRAP) . The results of bone characterization did not show any difference when comparing the experimental groups (P> 0.05), possibly due to the short time elapsed in zoledronate therapy. The other results comparing the experimental groups showed with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) a characteristic of vitreous bone, dense, without vitality, poor in vascularization, with high values for inflammation markers, translating this into a related jaw osteonecrosis with medication, disagreeing mainly with the SAL control group, which showed improvement in alveolar repair and characteristics of a vital and vascularized bone. Ozone therapy (ZOL + OZ, SAL + OZ) showed statistically significant values when compared to the untreated group, translating into an improvement in bone tissue vascularization, a reparational improvement of the alveolus, modulation of local inflammation and the appearance/maintenance of cells active osteoblasts (P < 0.05). Showing to be a viable therapy in the control/treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaws related to drugs(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Osteonecrosis/chemically induced , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced , Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw , Zoledronic Acid/adverse effects , Zoledronic Acid/poisoning , Zoledronic Acid/toxicity , Ozone Therapy , Mandible/abnormalities , Maxilla/abnormalities , Osteoblasts , Bone and Bones , Rats, Wistar , Jaw
5.
Rev. cient. odontol ; 7(2): 141-151, jul.-dic. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-1046791

ABSTRACT

El Síndrome de Treacher Collins es una malformación craneofacial autosómica dominante (STC) que se presenta cuando el gen TCOF1 (5q32-q33.1) sufre una mutación. Su incidencia se estima en 1/50,000 nacidos y presenta manifestaciones en tejidos blandos y duros. Métodos: Seis individuos diagnosticados con STC, remitidos de la Asociación Treacher Collins México AC, para la realización de estudios imagenológicos prequirúrgicos. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, radiográficas y morfométricas de individuos con esta condición. Resultados: No existen suficientes estudios en los cuales se determinen patrones específicos en un mismo individuo, e incluso cuando se comparan entre sí, por lo que es necesario establecer protocolos para su manejo. Conclusiones: Las características clínicas del individuo con STC varían de acuerdo con la severidad de expresión genética, las cuales se pueden corroborar con fotografías, imágenes radiográficas y medidas morfométricas que nos orientaran en el manejo y planeación del tratamiento. (AU)


Treacher Collins Syndrome is a craniofacial, autosomal dominant, severe and complex malformation that occurs when the TCOF1 (5q32-q33.1) gene suffers a mutation. Its incidence is estimated at 1/50,000 births and shows manifestations in soft and hard tissues. Methods: Six individuals whit TCS diagnosis refer from Asociacion Treacher Collins México AC to do a pre-surgical imaging studies. Objective: Describe the clinical, radiographic and morphometric characteristics of individuals with this condition. Results: There are not enough studies that may establish specific patterns in the same individual and even when compared to each other, so it is necessary to establish protocols for their management. Conclusions: The clinical characteristics of the individual with TCS vary according to the severity of genetic expression, which can be corroborated with photographs, radiographic images and morphometric measurements that will guide us is the management and planning of treatment. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Clinical Diagnosis , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandibulofacial Dysostosis
6.
RFO UPF ; 23(3): 339-342, 18/12/2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-995403

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: relatar o caso de um paciente idoso portador de defeito ósseo de Stafne. Relato de caso: paciente do sexo masculino, 74 anos de idade, foi atendido na Clínica de Odontologia da União Metropolitana de Educação e Cultura, e, após realização de radiografia panorâmica, foi evidenciada uma imagem sugestiva do defeito, sendo o paciente orientado a realizar a tomografia computadorizada fan beam para a confirmação diagnóstica. Considerações finais: o defeito ósseo de Stafne é definido como uma depressão lingual na mandíbula, de forma arredondada ou ovoide, que varia de 1 a 3 cm em diâmetro, com margens ósseas muito densas e bem definidas. Apresenta-se, radiograficamente, como uma imagem radiolúcida, circunscrita e unilocular na região posterior da mandíbula, abaixo do canal mandibular. É geralmente detectado em exames radiográficos de rotina, como a radiografia panorâmica, e a confirmação do diagnóstico geralmente é obtida pela realização da tomografia computadorizada fan beam ou de cone beam, por conta da obtenção de imagens que possibilitam a avaliação tridimensional, descartando, assim, outros tipos de lesões. Por se tratar de uma variação anatômica, a conduta é proservar o caso. (AU)


Objective: the objective of the following work was reported in the case of an elderly male patient. Clinical case: male patient, 74 years-old, who was attended at the Dentistry Clinic of the Metropolitan Union of Education and Culture, and after a panoramic radiograph, an image suggestive of the defect was evidenced. patient oriented to perform a Fan Beam Computed Tomography scan for diagnostic confirmation. Final considerations: the Stafne bone defect is defined as a lingual depression in the mandible, rounded or ovoid, ranging from 1 to 3 cm in diameter, with very dense and well defined bone margins. It presents, radiographically, as a radiolucent, circumscribed and unilocular image in the posterior region of the mandible, below the mandibular canal. It is usually detected in routine radiographic examinations as a panoramic radiograph, being a confirmation of the diagnosis obtained by performing the Fan Beam Computed Tomography or Cone Beam, due to obtaining images that allow a three-dimensional evaluation, thus discarding other types of injuries. Because it is an anatomical variation, the conduct is to preserve the case. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Jaw Cysts/diagnostic imaging , Mandibular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods , Radiography, Panoramic , Mandible/abnormalities
7.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 23(5): 19-23, Sept.-Oct. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975021

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT In order to lead to insights and discussion on proper use of Orthodontics and Pathology-related terminology, particularly in cases of smaller-than-usual maxilla and mandible - that is, anomalous ones -, this study compared the conceptual meaning of the term "atresia." It is considered improper when referring to maxilla and mandible with deficient growth compared to development that is satisfactory enough to reach normal size. To identify smaller maxilla and mandible, the most proper and accurate term is hypoplastic maxilla or mandible. This is because "atresia" stands for an anomaly related to lumen blockage in hollow organs, which is not the case for neither maxilla nor mandible. Hypoplastic maxilla or mandible can be properly and specifically referred to as micrognathia.


RESUMO Para induzir reflexões e discussões sobre o uso adequado da nomenclatura em Ortodontia e Patologia, para os casos em que a maxila e a mandíbula apresentam-se pequenas ou menores do que o habitual, ou seja, anômalas, comparou-se o significado conceitual do termo "atrésica". Esse termo não é adequado quando aplicado à maxila e à mandíbula para identificar situações em que houve um desenvolvimento com crescimento insuficiente para se chegar ao tamanho normal. Para identificar maxila e mandíbula menores, é mais adequado e preciso o uso do termo maxila ou mandíbula hipoplásica. Isso porque atresia representa uma anomalia por obstrução da luz ou lume em órgãos ocos, o que não ocorre na maxila ou na mandíbula. Maxila ou mandíbula hipoplásica também podem ser chamadas, apropriada e especificamente, de micrognatia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Mandible/abnormalities , Maxilla/abnormalities , Mandible/growth & development , Mandible/embryology , Maxilla/growth & development , Maxilla/embryology , Micrognathism/pathology , Terminology as Topic
8.
J. oral res. (Impresa) ; 7(7): 315-318, sept. 22, 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1121002

ABSTRACT

Bifid mandibular canal is a variation of the normal anatomy. such anomalies can result in difficult anesthesia while performing surgeries of the posterior mandible under local anesthesia. moreover there is a high chance of damaging the neurovascular bundle leading to complications. here we present a case of a bifid mandibular canal which posed difficulty in achieving appropriate anesthesia. the inferior alveolar nerve is of special interest for maxillofacial and oral surgeons. its relation with mandibular third molar plays an important role while performing disimpaction surgery, in cases of bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, prosthesis placement in resorbed ridges, mandibular trauma procedures, and may be traumatized by penetration of the implant drill.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandible/surgery , Pericoronitis , Radiography, Panoramic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Anesthesia, Local/methods , Mandibular Nerve , Molar, Third/surgery
9.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(4): 1228-1231, Dec. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840872

ABSTRACT

Knowledge of variations in MF location, size and shape is important when anesthetizing nerves of the mandibular region in dental procedures. The location, shape and position of the MF were determined in 119 human mandibles of unknown age and sex from different KP medical institutions. Parameters determined were: MF length and width; accessory mental foramen (AMF) width; MF and AMF to midline (MF-ML) (AMF-ML), upper (MF-UM) (AMF-UM) and lower mandibular margins (MF-LM) (AMF-LM) and posterior border of the mandibular ramus (MF-PRM) (AMF-PRM). AMF position in relation to the MF was also noted. MF were mainly oval and situated below the second premolar. MF mean length and width were: 2.4 ± 0.89 (right) and 2.4 ± 0.727 mm (left), and 3.0 ± 0.80 (right) and 2.9 ± 0.94 mm (left) respectively. MF-ML, MF-UM, MF-LM and MF-PRM distances on the right and left sides were: 29.1 ± 2.19 mm and 28.1 ± 2.12 mm; 11.0 ± 3.99 mm and 11.2 ± 3.98 mm; 13.1 ± 1.83 mm and 12.8 ± 1.74 mm; and 69.3 ± 5.52 mm and 68.7 ± 5.02 mm, respectively. Double mental foramen (DMF) were observed on both sides (10.9 % right, 12.6 % left) with length and width 0.7 ± 0.42 mm and 0.9 ± 0.34 mm (right) and 0.8 ± 0.32 mm and 1.0 ± 0.47 mm (left): they were mainly oval (5.8 % right, 7.56 % left). DMF-MF distance was 8.9 ± 4.58 mm on the right and 6.6 ± 4.11 mm on the left. An oval accessory mental foramen was observed in one mandible. There was no difference between right and left MF; however differences in the parameters measured were observed in relation to other populations indicating the need to be aware of such differences when undertaking surgical procedures around the MF.


El conocimiento de las variaciones del foramen mental (FM), su ubicación, tamaño y forma es importante al momento de anestesiar los nervios de la región mandibular en procedimientos dentales. La ubicación, forma y posición del FM se determinó en 119 mandíbulas humanas, de edad y sexo desconocidos, de diferentes instituciones médicas de Pakistan. Los parámetros determinados fueron: longitud y ancho; ancho del foramen mental accesorio (FMA); MF y AMF a la línea mediana (FM-LM) (FMA-LM), margen superior (FM-MS) (FMA-MU) y margen inferior (FM-MI) (FMA-MI) y el margen posterior de la rama mandibular (FM-RMP) (FMA-RMP). También se observó la posición del FMA en relación con el FM. La forma del FM fue principalmente ovalada y situado por debajo del segundo premolar. Los datos de longitud y anchura del FM fueron: 2,4 ± 0,89 (derecha) y 2,4 ± 0,727 mm (izquierda), y 3,0 ± 0,80 (derecha) y 2,9 ± 0,94 mm (izquierda), respectivamente. Las distancias FM-LM, FM-MS, FM-MI y FM-MRP en el lado derecho e izquierdo fueron: 29,1 ± 2,19 mm y 28,1 ± 2,12 mm; 11.0 ± 3.99 mm y 11,2 ± 3,98 mm; 13,1 ± 1,83 mm y 12,8 ± 1,74 mm; y 69,3 ± 5,52 mm y 68,7 ± 5,02 mm, respectivamente. Se observaron foramenes mentales dobles (FMD) en ambos lados (10,9 % derecho, 12,6 % a la izquierda) con una longitud y ancho de 0,7 ± 0,42 mm y 0,9 ± 0,34 mm (derecha) y 0,8 ± 0,32 mm y 1,0 ± 0,47 mm (izquierda): fueron principalmente ovalados (5,8 % derecha, izquierda 7,56 %). La distancia FMD-FM fue de 8,9 ± 4,58 mm a la derecha y 6,6 ± 4,11 mm en el izquierdo. Se observó un foramen mental accesorio ovalado en una mandíbula. Hubo diferencia entre FM derecho e izquierdo. Sin embargo, las diferencias en los parámetros medidos fueron observados en relación con otras poblaciones que indican la necesidad de ser conscientes de estas diferencias al realizar procedimientos quirúrgicos en todo el MF.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anatomic Variation , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Pakistan
10.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(3): 1097-1104, Sept. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828992

ABSTRACT

Mandibular deformity is a condition that affects the jaw bone of adult salmon and has been observed in Norway and Chile, causing weight loss, poor quality of farmed fish and increased mortality. The causes range from high temperatures of the state of eggs, to poor nutrition phosphorus or vitamin C. This work aims to analyze this deformity by histochemical and mineral analysis technique during an episode presented in centers of the Scotia Sea. Jaw and spinal segments of 21 Atlantic salmon in Scotland were used. These samples were classified into three groups: Group 1: Severely deformed. Group 2: Mildly affected. Group 3: Normal controls. Four jaws per group were fixed in 10 % formalin and embedded in Paraplast, sections of 5 microns were performed using a Microm® microtome histochemical technique Von Kossa was used for the detection of calcium deposits, which highlights the calcium osteoid black and red color. For proximate analysis, and in order to obtain and compare levels of calcium, phosphorus, zinc and magnesium in total 9 bone jaws (6 affected with DM and 3 controls) and 9 body sections the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare these values between misshapen salmon and controls. To correlate values, jaw and body segment a Spearman corrrelation was applied. Fish group 1 presented a ventral deviation of the alveolar bone body. In fish group 2 prominence of the visible joint on both sides or unilaterally was observed. Comparing the values of % Ca, % P, % Mg and Zn jaws with DM and healthy ones with Mann Witney method it was found that the values of these minerals vary between salmon and controls affected. There was a significant difference in the percentage of P, which indicates that there is less P in affected fish vertebrae. Spearman correlation noted that the percentages of the minerals studied in dental bone and vertebral segments are uncorrelated. Rather, Von Kossa distribution indicates that Ca/P is not homogeneous in the dental bone, as a result of mineral resorption from the skeleton including the operculum, articular bone and dental towards kype. This paper states that Von Kossa histochemical technique showed significant differences between deformed fish and controls and also showed differences between the various segments of the dental bone. The alveolar bone is a dynamic structure adapted to continuous histological changes may be involved in MD, phosphorus deficient diets, coupled with the initial formation of Kippe.


La deformación mandibular es una patología que afecta al hueso dentario de salmones adultos, se observó en Noruega y en Chile, ocasionando disminución de peso, baja calidad de peces cultivados y aumento de la mortalidad. Las causas varían desde temperaturas elevadas al estado de ovas, hasta alimentación deficitaria en fósforo o vitamina C. Este trabajo tiene como propósito analizar esta deformación mediante una técnica histoquímica y de análisis de minerales durante un episodio presentado en centros de mar de Escocia. Se utilizó la mandíbula y segmento vertebral de 21 salmones del Atlántico de Escocia. Estas muestras se clasificaron en tres grupos Grupo 1: Severamente deformes. Grupo 2: Levemente afectados. Grupo 3: Controles normales. Cuatro mandíbulas por grupo fueron fijadas en formalina al 10 % y se incluyeron en paraplast, se realizaron cortes de 5 µm utilizando un micrótomo Microm®. Se utilizó la técnica histoquímica de Von Kossa para la detección de depósitos de calcio la cual destaca al calcio de color negro y el osteoide de color rojo. Para el análisis químico proximal, y con el propósito de obtener y comparar niveles de calcio, fósforo, zinc y magnesio en los huesos se utilizó un total de 9 mandíbulas (6 afectadas con DM y 3 controles) y sus 9 secciones corporales. Para comparar estos valores entre salmones deformes y controles se utilizó la prueba de Mann-Whitney. Para correlacionar los valores de mandíbula y segmento corporal se hizo una correlación por jerarquías de Spearman. Los peces del grupo 1, presentaron una desviación ventral del cuerpo del hueso dentario. En los peces del grupo 2 se observó la prominencia de la articulación visible en ambos lados o unilateralmente. Al comparar los valores de % Ca, % P, % Mg y Zn de las mandíbulas con DM y sanas con el método de Mann Witney se encontró que los valores de estos minerales no varían entre salmones afectados y controles. Hubo una diferencia significativa en el porcentaje de P, lo cual indica que existe menos P en vértebras de peces afectados. La correlación de Spearman señaló que los porcentajes de los minerales estudiados en huesos dentarios y segmentos vertebrales no están correlacionados. Por el contrario, la técnica Von Kossa mostró que la distribución de Ca/ P no es homogénea en el hueso dental producto de la reabsorción mineral desde el esqueleto incluyendo el opérculo, hueso articular y dental hacia la kype. El presente trabajo establece que la técnica histoquímica de Von Kossa fue la que permitió observar diferencias importantes entre peces deformados y controles, además mostró diferencias entre los distintos segmentos del hueso dentario. El hueso dentario es una estructura dinámica adaptada a continuos cambios histológicos pudiendo estar involucrados en la DM, dietas deficientes de fósforo, sumado a la formación inicial del Kippe.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandible/chemistry , Metals/analysis , Salmon/anatomy & histology , Calcium/analysis , Chile , Magnesium/analysis , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Phosphorus/analysis , Zinc/analysis
11.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 70(2): 204-209, abr.-jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-797074

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: o artigo visa informar aos profissionais da área de Ortodontia os desafios de se diagnosticare tratar pacientes que apresentem fenótipo facial hiperdivergente. Materiais e métodos: através de revisão sistemática da literatura, via PubMed e Google Acadêmico, identificou-se os melhores artigos, descritivos e experimentais, nas áreas relacionadas. Dessa seleção, 30 artigos foram revisados e discutidos. Resultados: embora a prevalência de fenótipos faciais hiperdivergentes na população dos EUA (por falta de dados referentes à população brasileira) seja bastante pequena, seu diagnóstico e tratamento são desafiadores. Os principais fatores causais envolvidos em seu desenvolvimento são:a) genéticos; b) epigenéticos e; c) ambientais. A postura mandibular tem um papel fundamental no estabelecimento deste tipo facial, e algumas características morfológicas são patognomônicas: a)excessiva altura facial anterior inferior; b) falta de altura facial posterior; c) ângulo goníaco aberto;d) rotação mandibular desfavorável; e) plano oclusal inclinado anteriormente para baixo; f) sínfisementoniana aumentada e fina e; g) ossos corticais mais delgados, tanto na maxila como na mandíbula.Além disso, esses indivíduos apresentam funções respiratória e mastigatória deficientes. Em geral, apresentam mordida aberta anterior e possivelmente mordida cruzada posterior. Conclusão: o estabelecimento do fenótipo facial hiperdivergente é complexo e multifatorial. A ocorrência de fenômenos morfofuncionais severos sequenciais é difícil de ser controlada ou revertida e as possibilidades terapêuticas são, na melhor das hipóteses, limitadas e ainda experimentais.


Goal: the goal of the paper is to inform orthodontic professionals about the challenges to diagnose and to treat patients presenting hyperdivergent facial phenotype. Materials and methods: a systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed and Google Academics, and the best descriptive and experimental studies in the related areas were identified. From the initial selection, 30 papers were revised and discussed. Results: although the prevalence of individuals presenting hyperdivergent facial phenotype in the USA population (since no Brazilian epidemiologic is available) is considerably low, diagnosis and treatment are challenging. The major causal factors involved in its development are: a)genetic; b) epigenetic and; c) environmental. The mandibular posture has a fundamental role in the establishment of such facial type, and some morphological features are pathognomonic: a) excessive inferior anterior facial height; b) lack of posterior facial height; c) increased goniac angle; d) un favorable mandibular rotation; e) occlusal plane anterior ly tilted down; f) higher and thinner mandibular symphysisand; g) thinner maxillary and mandibular cortical bones. Furthermore, these individuals present respiratory and masticatory functions deficiences. In general, they present anterior open bite and possibly posterior cross bite. Conclusion: settling of the hyperdivergent facial phenotype is complex and multifactorial. The occurrence of sequential severe morphofunctional phenomena is hardly controlledor reverted, while therapeutic options are limited and still experimental.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Face/abnormalities , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandible/growth & development , Orthodontics/classification , Orthodontics/instrumentation , Orthodontics/methods , Orthodontics/organization & administration , Orthodontics , Orthodontics/trends
12.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(4): 626-632, sep.-dec. 2015. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1414

ABSTRACT

A prototipagem é um processo de construção para obter protótipos físicos a partir de modelos 3D digitais. A introdução da prototipagem na medicina é recente. Caso1 - Paciente de 18 anos portador de defeito craniano de 192 cm2 secundário a uma craniotomia descompressiva. Foi feita uma cranioplastia com prótese customizada confeccionada a partir da prototipagem. Caso 2 - Paciente de 34 anos portador de sequela de fratura panfacial. Apresentava importante defeito do complexo zigomático-orbitário, com grande deslocamento do zigoma. O plano cirúrgico foi feito com o protótipo; e o protótipo foi levado à sala de cirurgia para auxiliar o ato operatório. Caso 3 - Paciente 29 anos portadora de um ameloblastoma de mandíbula da região subcondilar até parassínfise direita. Foi feita a prototipagem do esqueleto craniofacial e fíbula, e uma cirurgia de modelo 1 dia antes. Discussão: A prototipagem pode ter aplicação na cirurgia craniofacial de várias maneiras: confecção de próteses customizadas, planejamento cirúrgico e educação dos residentes e pacientes. No caso 1, a prótese customizada tem como vantagens a ausência de área doadora e o excelente resultado estético. No caso 2, a presença do protótipo na sala de cirurgia ajudou a identificar com mais rapidez o zigoma para resposicioná-lo. No caso 3, a cirurgia de modelo diminuiu a morbidade da área doadora; definiu a osteotomia da fíbula e as margens de ressecção; moldou a placa; escolheu os parafusos; encaixou a prótese de côndilo na ATM; alcançou a melhor oclusão possível; e diminuiu tempo cirúrgico, anestesia, e custo hospitalar.


prototypes from 3D digital models. The introduction of prototyping in medicine is a recent event. Case 1: An 18-year-old patient with a 192 cm2 cranial defect secondary to a decompressive craniectomy. A cranioplasty was performed using a customized prosthesis manufactured by prototyping. Case 2: A 34-year-old patient with a panfacial fracture sequelae. This patient had a relevant defect in the zygomatico-orbital complex, with great zygoma dislocation. Surgical planning was performed using the prototype, which was taken to the surgery room to support the surgery. Case 3: A 29-year-old patient with a mandibular ameloblastoma from the subcondylar region to the right parasymphysis. Prototyping of the craniofacial skeleton and fibula were carried out in addition to a model surgery that was performed on the previous day. Discussion: Prototyping can be applied to craniofacial surgery in many ways, such as customized prosthesis manufacturing, surgical planning, and education of residents and patients. In case 1, a customized prosthesis had the advantage of not requiring a donor area and resulted in excellent esthetic results. In case 2, the presence of the prototype during surgery helped identify the zygoma more quickly in order to reposition it. In case 3, the model surgery helped decrease morbidity of the donor area, define fibular osteotomy and the resection margins, mold the plate, select the screws, ensure the condylar prosthesis fit in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ ), achieve the best occlusion possible, and reduce the surgical time, anesthesia, and hospital-associated costs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , History, 21st Century , Postoperative Complications , Prostheses and Implants , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Transplantation, Autologous , Wounds and Injuries , Craniofacial Abnormalities , Craniotomy , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Proof of Concept Study , Mandible , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Prostheses and Implants/adverse effects , Prostheses and Implants/standards , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Transplantation, Autologous/methods , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Craniofacial Abnormalities/surgery , Craniotomy/adverse effects , Craniotomy/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandible/surgery
13.
Rev. cir. traumatol. buco-maxilo-fac ; 15(4): 49-52, Out.-Dez. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-792402

ABSTRACT

Os odontomas são os tumores odontogênicos mais comumente encontrados nos maxilares, formados por esmalte, dentina, cemento e polpa, que podem estar dispostos de forma organizada ou não. Não são considerados neoplasmas verdadeiros, mas sim, anomalias de desenvolvimento - hamartomas. Geralmente são assintomáticos, e o tratamento preconizado na literatura é a sua remoção cirúrgica por enucleação. Porém, casos de odontomas complexos extensos e localizados mais profundamente, como o descrito neste trabalho podem se tornar um tratamento desafiador. Apesar de serem lesões de fácil diagnóstico e bom prognóstico, um correto planejamento e diagnóstico precoce é fundamental para se evitaram complicações, sequelas futuras e condições estigmatizantes, promovendo reabilitação precoce e saúde do paciente... (AU)


Odontomas are odontogenic tumors most commonly found in the jaws formed by enamel, dentin, cementum and pulp, which can be arranged in an organized way or not. They are not considered true neoplasms but, developmental abnormalities - hamartomas. They are usually asymptomatic and the recommended treatment is the surgical removal by enucleation. But cases of extensive and complex odontoma located deeper, as described in this article can become a challenging treatment. Although they are easy to diagnose injuries and good prognosis, correct planning and early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications, future sequels and stigmatizing conditions, promoting early rehabilitation and patient health... (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Odontogenic Tumors , Odontoma , Dental Cementum/surgery , Early Diagnosis , Hamartoma , Jaw/pathology , Mandible/abnormalities
14.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 20(5): 108-117, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764537

ABSTRACT

The present case report describes the orthodontic treatment of a patient with agenesis of maxillary left lateral incisor and Angle Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. The patient also presented with maxillary midline deviation and inclination of the occlusal plane in the anterior region. Treatment objectives were: correction of sagittal relationship between the maxilla and the mandible; correction of midline deviation, so as to cause maxillary and mandibular midlines to coincide; correction of overbite and leveling of the occlusal plane, so as to create ideal conditions for esthetic rehabilitation of anterior teeth. This case was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (BBO) as a requirement for the title of certified by the BBO.


O presente caso clínico relata o tratamento ortodôntico de um paciente portador de agenesia do incisivo lateral superior esquerdo e má oclusão de Classe II 1a divisão de Angle. Apresentava, ainda, desvio da linha média superior e inclinação do plano oclusal na região anterior. Os objetivos do tratamento foram adequar a relação sagital entre as arcadas, proporcionar a coincidência entre as linhas médias superior e inferior, corrigir a sobremordida e nivelar o plano oclusal, criando condições apropriadas para a reabilitação estética dos dentes anteriores. Este caso foi apresentado à Diretoria do Board Brasileiro de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial (BBO) como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Diplomado pelo BBO.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Overbite/therapy , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy , Orthodontic Appliances , Orthodontics, Corrective/methods , Tooth Extraction , Dental Prosthesis/instrumentation , Dental Prosthesis/methods , Dental Occlusion , Incisor/abnormalities , Mandible/abnormalities , Maxilla , Anodontia/therapy
15.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(3): 1023-1026, Sept. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762580

ABSTRACT

Bilateral mylohyoid bridging, hyperplasia of the coronoid process and bifid condylar process were detected in a human mandible. It is of great interest that such rare morphological anomalies can occur in the same mandible. Since sound understanding of the anatomical variations of the mandible, in conjunction with a careful pre-operative review of radiographs, are essential in the safe and complete performance of surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation, the authors of the present report believe that this case may add to the existing literature.


En una mandíbula humana se detectó puente milohioideo bilateral, hiperplasia del proceso coronoides y el proceso condilar bífido. Es de interés que se puedan producir dichas anomalías morfológicas en la misma mandíbula. Es esencial un conocimiento sólido de las variaciones anatómicas de la mandíbula, en conjunción con una revisión preoperatoria cuidadosa de las radiografías, en el desempeño seguro y completo de la rehabilitación quirúrgica y protésica. Los autores del presente estudio estiman que este caso puede aportar información a la literatura existente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anatomic Variation , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandible/anatomy & histology
16.
São Paulo med. j ; 133(3): 191-198, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-752127

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) is considered to be a defect of embryogenesis involving structures originating from the first branchial arches. Our objective was to describe the clinical and cytogenetic findings from a sample of patients with the phenotype of OAVS. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a referral hospital in southern Brazil. METHODS: The sample consisted of 23 patients who presented clinical findings in at least two of these four areas: orocraniofacial, ocular, auricular and vertebral. The patients underwent a clinical protocol and cytogenetic evaluation through high-resolution karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization for 5p and 22q11 microdeletions and investigation of chromosomal instability for Fanconi anemia. RESULTS: Cytogenetic abnormalities were observed in three cases (13%) and consisted of: 47,XX,+mar; mos 47,XX,+mar/46,XX; and 46,XX,t(6;10)(q13; q24). We observed cases of OAVS with histories of gestational exposition to fluoxetine, retinoic acid and crack. One of our patients was a discordant monozygotic twin who had shown asymmetrical growth restriction during pregnancy. Our patients with OAVS were characterized by a broad clinical spectrum and some presented atypical findings such as lower-limb reduction defect and a tumor in the right arm, suggestive of hemangioma/lymphangioma. CONCLUSIONS: We found a wide range of clinical characteristics among the patients with OAVS. Different chromosomal abnormalities and gestational expositions were also observed. Thus, our findings highlight the heterogeneity of the etiology of OAVS and the importance of these factors in the clinical and cytogenetic evaluation of these patients. .


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: O espectro oculoauriculovertebral (EOAV) é considerado um defeito de embriogênese envolvendo estruturas originadas a partir dos primeiros arcos branquiais. Nosso objetivo foi descrever os achados clínicos e citogenéticos de uma amostra de pacientes com fenótipo de EOAV. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal em um hospital de referência no sul do Brasil. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta de 23 pacientes que apresentaram achados clínicos em pelo menos duas das quatro áreas: orocraniofacial, oculares, auriculares e vertebrais. Os pacientes foram submetidos a um protocolo clínico e avaliação citogenética através do cariótipo de alta resolução, hibridização in situ fluorescente para as microdeleções 5p e 22q11 e pesquisa de instabilidade cromossômica para anemia de Fanconi. RESULTADOS: Alterações citogenéticas foram observadas em três casos (13%) e consistiam de: 47,XX,+mar; mos 47,XX,+mar/46,XX e 46,XX,t(6;10)(q13;q24). Observamos casos de EOAV com história de exposição gestacional à fluoxetina, ácido retinoico e crack. Um dos nossos pacientes foi um gêmeo monozigótico discordante que teve restrição de crescimento assimétrica durante a gravidez. Nossos pacientes com EOAV foram caracterizados por um amplo espectro clínico e alguns apresentaram achados clínicos atípicos como um defeito de redução de membro inferior e um tumor do braço direito, sugestivo de hemangioma/linfangioma. CONCLUSÕES: Verificamos grande variedade de características clínicas entre os pacientes com EOAV. Também foram observadas diferentes anomalias cromossômicas e exposições gestacionais. Assim, nossos achados salientam a heterogeneidade da etiologia do EOAV e a importância desses fatores na avaliação clínica e citogenética desses pacientes. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Chromosome Aberrations , Goldenhar Syndrome/genetics , Phenotype , Abnormalities, Drug-Induced , Brazil , Cervical Rib/abnormalities , Cervical Rib , Chromosome Deletion , Cross-Sectional Studies , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Karyotyping , Mandible/abnormalities , Mandible , Pregnancy Complications , Teratogens , Ultrasonography, Prenatal
17.
Dent. press implantol ; 9(2): 39-54, Apr.-Jun.2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-790548

ABSTRACT

Os toros palatinos e mandibulares são distúrbios do desenvolvimento do tipo anomalia de forma, com manifestação tardia no crescimento e maturação dos maxilares. Os casos familiares e a persistência dos toros com a idade e em desdentados lhe atribuem uma origem genética e dificultam a sua interpretação como uma resposta adaptativa à sobrecarga oclusal, ao bruxismo e outros fatores externos: os toros não são hiperplasias ou hipertrofias adaptativas. Os toros são protuberâncias ósseas sem cápsula fibrosa, o que os diferencia dos osteomas e lhes tira a natureza neoplásica, mesmo que benigna, especialmente porque também não apresentam crescimento contínuo e sem controle por parte do organismo. O tamanho dos toros se estabiliza no final do crescimento dos maxilares, ao redor dos 22 a 24 anos. Os toros são constituídos de osso normal, do ponto de vista funcional e estrutural, e podem ser utilizados como sítio de origem de transplante ósseo autógeno para outros locais, ou como sede de implantes osseointegráveis, se houver conveniências clínicas para tais procedimentos...


Torus palatinus and torus mandibularis are developmental anomalies of shape that become late manifest during growth and maturation of the jaws. Family history and the constant presence of tori with age and among edentulous patients attach a genetic origin to them and hinder their clinical interpretation as an adaptive response to occlusal overload, grinding and other external factors: tori are not a form of hyperplasia or adaptive hypertrophy. They are bone protuberances without a fibrous capsule, which differentiates them from osteomata and frees them from a neoplastic nature, albeit benign, especially because they do not grow continuously and uncontrollably in one’s organism. The size of tori stabilizes by the end of maxillary growth, at around the age of 22 to 24 years. They are composed of normal bone, from a functional and structural perspective, and might be used as autograft harvesting site or osseointegrated implant placement site within clinically acceptable conditions...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mandible/abnormalities , Maxilla/abnormalities , Facial Bones/abnormalities , Palate/abnormalities , Jaw Abnormalities/diagnosis , Jaw Abnormalities/etiology
18.
Rev. odontol. UNESP (Online) ; 43(2): 98-104, Mar-Apr/2014. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-710381

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A má oclusão de Classe III é uma discrepância anteroposterior, que pode ser caracterizada por crescimento mandibular excessivo e/ou retrusão maxilar. Objetivo: Avaliar as características tegumentares de pacientes Classe III na cidade de Mossoró, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, além de apontar se há associação entre as variáveis cefalométricas e o gênero. Material e método: Foi selecionada uma amostra retrospectiva de 52 telerradiografias em norma lateral de indivíduos adultos, com perfil facial côncavo e valores de ANB e AOBO negativos. As telerradiografias selecionadas foram analisadas no programa Radiocef Studio 2. Posteriormente, realizou-se uma análise descritiva das variáveis, calculando-se média, desvio-padrão, mínimo e máximo. O teste t para dados independentes foi utilizado para detectar diferenças entre os gêneros. Resultado: O perfil facial apresentou valor médio de 176,9°±5,9; o ângulo nasolabial, 91,9°±13,1; o sulco mentolabial, 137,9°±13,3, e a projeção nasal, 16,2 mm±4,5. Os terços faciais superior e inferior apresentaram as seguintes médias: 60,7 mm±14,3 e 70,5 mm±19. Para as espessuras labiais superior e inferior, obtiveram-se as médias 13,4 mm±5,1 e 13,9 mm±4,8, respectivamente. A protrusão labial superior revelou como média 3,3 mm±2,7 e a inferior, 4 mm±3,1. Conclusão: As principais características cefalométricas encontradas foram: perfil facial côncavo; ângulo nasolabial normal; sulco mentolabial pouco profundo e projeção nasal normal. Quanto aos terços faciais, apenas o inferior apresentou-se aumentado. Ambos os lábios mostraram-se espessos, mas somente o inferior revelou-se protruso. Tais características ...


Introduction: Class III malocclusion is defined as anteroposterior discrepancy, which may occur as result of maxillary deficiency and/or mandibular excess. Objective: Evaluate the characteristics of the soft tissue of individuals with Class III in the city of Mossoró, state of Rio Grande do Norte and to observe if there is association between these characteristics with male and female genders. Material and method: It was selected a retrospective sample of 52 lateral cephalometric radiograph of adults, with concave facial profile, negative ANB and negative AOBO. The radiographs were analyzed in the program Radiocef Studio 2. Then, descriptive analysis was performed for all cephalometric variables, calculating mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum. In order to detect the differences between genders, the t test for independent data was used. Result: The facial profile presented as mean 176,9°±5,9; the nasolabial angle, 91.9°±13.1; the mentolabial sulcus, 137.9°±13.3; and the nasal projection, 16,2mm±4,5; the upper and lower facial thirds, 60,7mm±14,3 and 70,5mm±19, respectively. For the upper and lower lip thicknesses, were found: 13,4mm±5,1 e 13,9mm±4,8. The upper lip protrusion showed 3.3mm±2,7 and the lower, 4mm±3,1. Conclusion: The main cephalometric features found were: concave facial profile, normal nasolabial angle, greater mentolabial sulcus, normal nasal projection, normal height of the middle third and increased height of the lower third, thick lips, normal upper lip protrusion and protruded lower lip. Among the measures evaluated, there wasn't difference between genders. For better understanding about the subject, further studies are required with larger samples and more sophisticated methodological designs. .


Subject(s)
Cephalometry , Malocclusion, Angle Class III , Mandible/abnormalities , Maxilla/abnormalities , Orthodontics
19.
Pakistan Oral and Dental Journal. 2014; 34 (3): 564-565
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-149769

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of torus palatinus and mandibularis in relation to age and gender among 322 subjects seen at Hill House Kindergarden Students, Mashrek International School and our clinic. Out of the 322 subjects examined only 30[9.3./.] had either TP, TM or both


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Mandible/abnormalities , Palate, Hard/abnormalities , Prevalence , Child , Adult
20.
PAFMJ-Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal. 2014; 64 (4): 636-638
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-167583

ABSTRACT

Facial asymmetrey can be corrected by bimaxillay orthognathic surgery and distraction osteogenesis. We report a case of facial asymmetry which was corrected using monobloc distraction osteogenesis. A monobloc was created using an osteosynthesis fixation device from the zygomatic buttress to the mandible, LeFort I osteotomy was combined with mandiular angle osteotomy and the bloc was distracted using uni-directional distractor


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Mandible/abnormalities , Osteogenesis, Distraction , Adult , Osteotomy, Le Fort
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